how to generate validationKey and decryption Key for web.config

This article describes how to create keys to use for encryption, decryption, and validation of Forms authentication cookie data. You can use the keys that you create in this article for the validationKey and decryptionKey attributes of the <machineKey> section in the <system.web> element in the web.config file or Machine.config.

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Microsoft Windows 2000 or Microsoft Windows XP
Microsoft .NET Framework
Microsoft Internet Information Services (IIS)

Create the project

Create a Visual C# .NET console application:

Start Visual Studio .NET.
On File menu, point to New, and then click Project.
Under Project Types, click Visual C# Projects.
Under Templates, click Console application.
Name the project HashConfigCs.
Click OK.

Write the code to generate the keys

The following code reads two arguments that are passed from the command line:

The first argument is the number of bytes that is used to create the decryptionKey attribute.
The second argument is the number of bytes that is used to create the validationKey attribute.

The code uses a random number generator to create a random number of bytes based on the command-line arguments. After the random bytes are created, the bytes are formatted into a hexadecimal string that is suitable for use in the .config files.

Note The hexadecimal string that is created is twice the size of the value that is passed on the command line. For example, if you specify 24 bytes for a key, the resulting string is 48 bytes in length after the conversion. The valid values for decryptionKey is 8 or 24. This creates a 16 byte key for Data Encryption Standard (DES) or a 48 byte key for Triple DES, respectively. Valid values for validationKey are 20 to 64. This creates keys from 40 to 128 bytes in length. The output from the code is an entire <machineKey> element that you can copy and paste into a web.config file.

Add the following code to a .cs file:

Generate the hashes

Now you can compile the application.

Run the application from a command prompt by passing in two integer values that are the size of the decryption and the validation keys. For example, if you named the console application HashConfigCs.exe, type the following syntax from the command line in the Bindebug directory of the application:

You can expect the application to return output that is similar to the following output:

Note for Machine.config

Update the configuration file

Locate the Machine.config file.
Locate the <system.web> section in the configuration file.
Replace the <machineKey> section with the output from the console application. If the <machineKey> section does not exist, create it.
Save the configuration file.
Restart IIS on all servers in the Web farm for the Machine.config changes to take effect.

Troubleshooting

Make sure that the <machineKey> section has identical, explicit keys (that is, do not use the AutoGenerate option for attributes in the <machineKey> section) across the Web farm in the following scenarios:

When you use Forms authentication.
When you run session state in StateServer mode.
When you want ViewState to be available across a Web farm because the enableViewStateMAC attribute is set to True by default.

More information

The machineKey section should be the same across the web farm in the following cases:

When using Forms Authentication.
When you run session state in StateServer mode.
When you want viewstate to be available across a web farm since enableViewStateMac is turned on by default.

machineKey behaves different in IIS7?

Jun 29, 2009 11:50 AMFredrik2000LINK

I'm migrating a couple of applications from Windows 2003/IIS6 to Windows 2008R2/IIS7 and seem to have run in to something.

There are three different applications, all installed on the same server (not webfarms etc), all having it's own applicationpool, but

shares a common formsauthentication. To accomodate this, we had a web.config entry in the webroot:

This would generate a machinekey and inherit it to the applications installed under the webroot.

This configuration does not seem to work in IIS7, authentication-cookies cannot be shared between the

applications.. However, if I specify hardcoded keys in the root-config everythings works fine.

This leads me to believe that the behaviour seems to have changed from inheriting the

generated key to the sub-application, to inheriting the config 'AutoGenerate' to the sub-applications - making them all generate their

own keys, can anyone confirm this?

And is there i workaround?

Generate Machine Key Iis 7.5 1

I don't want to enter pre-computed keys.

Regards

Iis Machinekey Validation Key Generator

Fredr!k